Improvement in the draft and mode of coupling plows



CARD & NEWELL.

Plow.

Patented Nov. 9, 1839.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOSEPH CARD, OF PAINESVILLE, AND G. NEWELL, OF MENTOR, OHIO.

IMPROVEMENT IN THE DRAFT AND MODE OF COUPLING PLOWS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 1,401, dated November9, 1839.

To all whom it may concern.-

Be itknown that W8,JOSEPH OARD,OfPaineS- ville, and GRANDISON NEWELL, ofMentor, in the county of Lake and State of Ohio, have invented a new anduseful machine for coupling two or more plows together to be worked byone team and one plowman; and we do hereby declare that the following isa full and exact description.

The nature of our invention consists in attaching to the draft end ofthe plow-beam a coupling-case of such length as is desired, according tothe number of plows to be worked at once, and so constructed that eachplow shall run truly, steadily, and at any given distance from itsfellow.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use our invention, wewill proceed to describe its construction and operation.

We make our plowin any of the known forms, using, however, but onehandle, as in the annexed drawings, Figure 1,wl1en more than one plow isused.

For connecting two common plows together we make a coupling-case, A, ofhard-wood inchboards twenty inches in length and six inches in width,made true and of even thickness. These two pieces A A form the upper andlower side, or top and bottom, of the case, and are separated one fromthe other about one-half of an inch more than the depth of the draftends of the plow-beams to be used by four or more blocks placed betweenthem, as shown in Fig. 2, a a a at. These blocks extend a short distance beyond the case, through the ends of which are passed eightbolts,D, having a head on one end and the worm of a screw on the other,and so placed as that the blocks shall be separated about one inch morethan the width of the ends of the plow-beams, and the bolts pass throughthe blocks and against the outer edges of the pieces of boards, as shownin Fig. 3. From the top and bottom of this case, respectively, areextended two stirrups of iron, E, which are attached to the case by saidbolts and firmly fastened by screw-nuts, as shown in Fig. 3. Thesestirrups extend back from the case six or more inches, and have the backends of the two upper ones so near together as to allow play for ahalf-inch bolt of from two to three inches, and the lower ones from oneto two inches, as shown in Fig. 3, where the two upper stirrups arerepresented by at. These stirrups are bent-the two upper ones up and thetwo lower ones down-at about an angle of forty-five degrees, as shown inFig. l, d d. We pass through the plow-beam about twelve inches from thedraft end an iron bolt, 1), perpendicularly, one-half inch or more indiameter, according to the size of the plow, and so long that the upperand lower end of the bolt shall pass through and beyond the upper andlower stirrup,as shown in Fig. 1,1). This bolt is made fast in theplow-beam in any manner desired,and strengthened by two straps of ironextending from the upper and lower end back to the plow-beam, to whichthey are bolted, as shown in Fig. 1, c 0. To the center of the case isattached in the usual form a com mon clevis, Fig. 3, b.

111 using plows for any purpose except plowing among corn, for which weuse a light kind, we have the right-hand plow-beam shortened, so thatthe right-hand plow shall precede the left, and so on for as many plowsas are worked, that the furrow turned by one plow shall not clog itsfellow. In the corn plow or cultivator we have them made right and leftand the beams of equal length, so the furrows can be turned first outand then in at pleasure.

The dimensions of the case, clevises, and bolt through the plow-beam canbe varied according to the size of the plow to be used, so that in allcases tbeplows shall have theirjust distance one from the other, thedraft ends of the plow-beams being placed in the case at a distance fromeach other of any convenient number of inches, as the length of the casewill admit, more than the width of the furrow turned by the plow.

The advantages of this invention are- First, when the draft is appliedto the case, Fig. 1, b, the bolt, passing perpendicularly through thebeam,Fig.1,b,worksin the stirrups extending back from the case, Fig. 1,a a, and the plows run with scarcely any other guidance and with greatsteadiness, keeping at a uniform depth in the ground, and immediatelyregaining their place when thrown out by anyforeign substance.

Second, applied to one plow it will entirely dispense with the necessityof using wheels or other means to make it run true in the ground.

Third, in plowing stubble ground and crossplowing two or more plows canbe used with What we claim as our invention, and desire one team and oneplowman,and with less actto secure by Letters Patent, is

ual labor of the plowman. The mode of drawing one and of couplingFourth, for plowing amongcorn, by using two or more plows together bymeans of the the right and left hand plows, so as to turn the case,stirrups, and bolts herein described.

furrows at once to or from the hil1,will at once JOSEPH CARD.

supersede all other cultivators. GRANDISON NEWELL.

Fifth in planting corn, by attaching to the Witnesses right-hand plow adropping-machine one man HARVEY SAWYER,

and horse could do the labor of several men. EDWARD FLINT.

